There are three basic formulae, involving the ratio of the lengths of the sides. Given a right angled triangle, we first label the sides for the angle we choose or have been given:

Given we have chosen the angle we label

the sides for this angle.

Opposite = is the side opposite the angle

Hypotenuse =is the longest side, always

opposite the right angle.

We are to calculateWe use one of the formulae

We choose which formula to use depending on which sides we gave got. In this case we have so we use the formula

Now we solve

Example:

Now we haveandWe use the formula

We solve

Example:

Now we haveandWe use the formula

We solve

It is important to realise the difference between the formulae

and

For the first we write but for the second we actually work out